Friday, August 1, 2014

SBY-Megawati: Wikileaks & Korupsi Lintas Negara

Perintah Hakim MA yang disebut The Honourable Justice Hollingworth inilah yang melahirkan respon SBY dan PDIP terkait dengan dugaan penerimaan uang suap (bribe) atau penerimaan yang tidak pantas (improper payment). Adapun perintah hakim tersebut adalah there be no disclosure, by publication or otherwise, of any information (whether in electronic or paper form) derived from or prepared for the purposes of these proceedings (including the terms of these orders, and the affidavit of Gillian Elizabeth Bird affirmed on 12 June 2014) that reveals, implies, suggests or alleges that any person to whom this order applies:
  • received or attempted to receive a bribe or improper payment;
  • acquiesced in or was wilfully blind as to any person receiving or attempting to receive a bribe or improper payment; or
  • was the intended or proposed recipient of a bribe or improper payment.
Dalam perintah hakim tersebut tidak terdapat isi atau substansi dari affidavit dari Gillian Elizabeth Bird yang dilarang untuk diungkap (no disclosure) ke public. Kemudian yang berkembang di public adalah terkait peristiwa pencetakan uang di Australia tahun 1999 yang sudah dibantah oleh SBY dan PDIP. Memang menjadi pertanyaan, mengapa dikaitkan dengan pencetakan uang, padahal dalam perintah hakim tersebut tidak terdapat uraian tersebut.

Kapasitas individu yang membuat affidavit-lah yang perlu dicermati sehingga hakim memberikan perintah (order) agar tidak diungkap ke public. Bahwa susbtansi affidavit sangat penting, tentu dapat diketahui dari pertama, perintah hakim agar tidak diungkap dan kedua, alasan yang dikemukakan yaitu "The purpose of these orders is to prevent damage to Australia's international relations that may be caused by the publication of material that may damage the reputations of specified individuals who are not the subject of charges in these proceedings."

Dasar pertimbangan hakim melarang pengungkapan affidavit Gillian adalah sebagai berikut, pertama, necessary to prevent a real and substantial risk of prejudice to the proper administration of justice that cannot be prevented by other reasonably available means; and kedua, necessary to prevent prejudice to the interests of the Commonwealth in relation to national security. Hakim menyadari bahwa substansi affidavit Gillian dapat melahirkan prasangka (prejudice) terhadap orang yang disebut dalam affidavit tersebut. Artinya bahwa hakim sendiri masih belum yakin terhadap kesahan (validity) dari affidavit tersebut.

Masalah muncul adalah respon dilakukan tidak didasarkan pada perintah hakim tersebut, melainkan terhadap pers release WikiLeaks (http://wikileaks.org/aus-suppression-order/press.html). Dalam pers release tersebut dinyatakan, "The court-issued gag order follows the secret 19 June 2014 indictment of seven senior executives from subsidiaries of Australia's central bank, the Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA). The case concerns allegations of multi-million dollar inducements made by agents of the RBA subsidiaries Securency and Note Printing Australia in order to secure contracts for the supply of Australian-style polymer bank notes to the governments of Malaysia, Indonesia, Vietnam and other countries." Dari pernyataan tersebut diketahui bahwa perintah hakim - The Honourable Justice Hollingworth - berawal dari pemeriksaan yang melibatkan otoritas bank sentral Australia. Pemeriksaan dilakukan dalam kasus tuduhan tindakan yang melibatkan milyaran dollar yang dilakukan oleh pegawai bank sentral Australia dalam mengamankan kontrak Australian-style polymer bank notes.

Secara asumtif bahwa pegawai bank sentral diperiksa oleh pengadilan karena adanya dugaan suap atau pembayaran yang melibatkan pemerintah di Negara Malaysia, Vietnam dan Indonesia. Dan dugaan suap tersebut menjadi kewenangan penegak hokum Australia. Sehingga respon yang pantas adalah melakukan pemeriksaan internal terhadap Bank Indonesia (BI) dan aparat pemerintah terkait kontrak tersebut. Respon yang bertolak pada pers release WikiLeaks daripada perintah hakim menjad pertanyaan yang pantas diajukan. Dan kontrak tersebut tentunya ada dan kemudian memeriksa semua pihak yang terlibat dalam pembuatan kontrak tersebut.

Disinilah letak urgensi dari pemberantasan korupsi lintas Negara, ketika pihak yang melakukan korupsi berasal dari dua atau beberapa Negara yang berbeda. Artinya UU Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Korupsi mendesak untuk di revisi dalam hal apabila terdapat pemeriksaan yang berkaitan dengan tindak pidana korupsi di Negara lain dan berkaitan atau berhubungan dengan korupsi di Indonesia maka aparat penegak hokum juga harus melakukan upaya hokum atas kasus yang diperiksa di Negara lain tersebut. Dalam hal ini dibutuhkan kerjasama lintas Negara untuk melakukan pemberantasan korupsi, ketika korupsi melibatkan subyek hokum dari dua atau beberapa Negara yang berbeda.

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